2022高考二轮专题复习备考：感知成语与文化的关系
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 活动一

一、翻译下列文段，写出成语并。

文段一：夸父与日逐走，入日；渴，欲得饮，饮于河、渭，河、渭不足，北饮大泽。未至，道渴而死。弃其杖，化为邓林。——《山海经》

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文段二：北二百里，曰发鸠之山，其上多柘木。有鸟焉，其状如乌，文首，白喙，赤足，名曰：“精卫”。炎帝之少女，名曰女娃。女娃游于东海，溺而不返，故为精卫，常衔西山之木石，以堙于东海。漳水出焉，东流注于河。——《山海经》

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文段三：羿请不死之药于西王母，羿妻姮娥窃之奔月，托身于月，是为蟾蜍，而为月精。月中有桂，有蟾蜍。月桂高五百丈，下有一人，常斫之，树创随合。人姓吴，名刚，西河人，学仙有过，谪令伐树。

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文段四：天地混沌如鸡子，盘古生其中，万八千岁，天地开辟，阳清为天，阴浊为地，盘古在其中。

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文段五：张僧繇于金陵安乐寺，画四龙于壁，不点睛。每曰：“点之即飞去。”人以为诞，因点其一。须臾，雷电破壁，一龙乘云上天。不点睛者皆在。

翻译：                                                                                              

成语：                 

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二、下列成语

1、东曦既驾：                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         

2、吉光片羽：                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         

3、擎天之柱：                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         

4、无缝天衣：                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         

5、兴风作浪：                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         

6、兴云致雨：                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         

7、玉宇琼楼：                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         

8、云锦天章：                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         

活动二

一、翻译下列文段，写出成语并。

文段一：庄周家贫，故往贷粟于监河侯。监河侯曰“诺。我将得邑金，将贷子三百金，可乎？”庄周忿然作色，曰“周昨来，有中道而呼者，周顾视车辙中有鲋鱼焉。周问之曰：‘鲋鱼来，子何为者邪？’对曰：‘我，东海之波臣也。君岂有斗升之水而活我哉？’周曰：‘诺，我且南游吴越之王，激西江之水而迎子，可乎？’鲋鱼忿然作色曰：‘吾失我常与，我无所处。吾得斗升之水然活耳。君乃言此，曾不如早索我于枯鱼之肆！’”。

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文段二：赵且伐燕，苏代为燕惠王曰："今臣来，过易水，蚌方出曝，而鹬（yù）啄其肉，蚌合而箝（qián)其喙。鹬曰：‘今日不雨，明日不雨，即有死蚌。’蚌亦谓鹬曰：‘今日不出，明日不出，即有死鹬。’两者不肯相舍，渔者得而并禽之。今赵且伐燕，燕赵久相支。臣恐强秦之为渔夫也8198;。故愿惠王之熟计也。"惠王曰"善！"乃止。

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文段三：楚人有卖其珠于郑者，为木兰之柜，薰以桂椒，缀以珠玉，饰以玫瑰，辑以翡翠。郑人买其椟而还其珠。此可谓善卖椟矣，未可谓善鬻珠也。

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文段四：楚有祠者，赐其舍人卮酒，舍人相谓曰:"数人饮之不足，一人饮之有余。请画地为蛇，先成者饮酒。"一人蛇先成，引酒且饮之，乃左手持卮，右手画蛇，曰:"吾能为之足。"未成，一人之蛇成，夺其卮曰:"蛇固无足，子安能为之足?"遂饮其酒。为蛇足者，终亡此酒。

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文段五：人有亡斧者，意其邻人之子:视其行步，窃斧也；颜色，窃斧也；言语，窃斧也；动作态度无为而不窃斧者也。俄而掘其沟而得其斧，他日复见其邻人之子，动作、态度皆无似窃斧者也。

翻译：                                                                                              

成语：                 

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二、写出成语并。

1、守株待兔                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         

2、量体裁衣 ：                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         

3、杯弓蛇影 ：                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         

4、亡羊补牢:                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         

5、曲高和寡:                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         

6、囫囵吞枣:                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         

7、嗟来之食:                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         

8、井底之蛙:                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         

9、刻舟求剑：                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         

10、滥竽充数:                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         

11、南辕北辙:                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         

12、对牛弹琴:                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         

13、掩耳盗铃:                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         

14、叶公好龙:                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         

15、黔驴技穷:                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         

16、杞人忧天:                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         

17、拔苗助长:                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         

18、与虎谋皮:                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         

19、南柯一梦:                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         

活动三

一、翻译下列文段，写出成语并。

文段一：寔（shi），东汉人也，为人仁爱。时岁荒民俭，有盗夜入其室，止于梁上。“寔阴见，乃起 整衣，呼 儿孙起，正色训之曰：“夫人不可不自勉。不善之人未必本恶，习以性成，遂至于此。梁上君子者是矣！”盗大惊，自投于地，稽(qǐ)颡(sǎng)归罪。寔徐譬之曰：“视君状貌，不似恶人，宜省己为善。”寔知其贫，乃令人与之绢二匹。自是一县无复盗窃

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文段二：初，权谓吕蒙曰：“卿今当涂掌事，不可不学！”蒙辞以军中多务。权曰：“孤岂欲卿治经为博士邪！但当涉猎，见往事耳。卿言多务，孰若孤？孤常读书，自以为大有所益。”蒙乃始就学。及鲁肃过寻阳，与蒙论议，大惊曰：“卿今者才略，非复吴下阿蒙！”蒙曰：“士别三日，即更刮目相待，大兄何见事之晚乎！”肃遂拜蒙母，结友而别。

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文段三：左思，字太冲，齐国临淄人也。家世儒学，造《齐都赋》，一年乃成，复欲赋三都，会妹芬入宫，移家京师。构思十年，门庭籓溷皆著笔纸，遇得一句，即便疏之。及赋成，时人未之重。左思自以其作不谢班、张，恐以人废言。安定皇甫谧有高誉，思造而示之。谧称善，为其赋序，自是之后，盛重于时。司空张华见而叹曰：“班、张之流也。使读之者尽而有余，久而更新。”于是豪贵之家竞相传写，洛阳为之纸贵。

翻译：                                                                                              

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二、写出成语并。

1、退避三舍:                                                                                        

2、按图索骥:                                                                                         

3、洛阳纸贵:                                                                                         

4、望梅止渴:                                                   &nb

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